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North Gyeongsang Province

Coordinates: 36°15′N 128°45′E / 36.250°N 128.750°E / 36.250; 128.750
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North Gyeongsang Province
경상북도
Province
Korean transcription(s)
 • Hangul경상북도
 • Hanja慶尙北道
 • McCune‑ReischauerKyŏngsangbuk-to
 • Revised RomanizationGyeongsangbuk-do
Juwangsan Mountain
Jeomchon Station
Bulguksa
Gyeongju World
Homigot
Flag of North Gyeongsang Province
Flag
Official logo of North Gyeongsang Province
Logo
Location of North Gyeongsang Province
Country South Korea
RegionYeongnam
Largest cityPohang
CapitalAndong
Subdivisions10 cities; 12 counties
Government
 • GovernorLee Cheol-woo
(People Power)
Area
 • Total
19,030 km2 (7,350 sq mi)
 • Rank1st
Population
 (October, 2014)[1]
 • Total
2,546,960
 • Rank3rd
 • Density141.7/km2 (367/sq mi)
DemonymGyeongbukite
Metropolitan Symbols
 • FlowerCrape-myrtle
 • TreeZelcova
 • BirdCommon heron
GDP
[2]
 • TotalKR₩ 115 trillion
US$ 92 billion (2022)
ISO 3166 codeKR-47
DialectGyeongsang
WebsiteOfficial website (English)

North Gyeongsang Province (Korean: 경상북도; RR: Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korean pronunciation: [kjʌŋ.saŋ.buk̚.t͈o]) is a province in eastern South Korea, and with an area of 18,420 km2 (7,110 sq mi), it is the largest province in the Korean peninsula. The province was formed in 1896 from the northern half of the former Gyeongsang province, and remained a province of Korea (as Keishōhoku-dō during Japanese rule) until the country's division in 1945, then became part of South Korea.

Daegu was the capital of North Gyeongsang Province between 1896 and 1981, but has not been a part of the province since 1981. In 2016, the provincial capital moved from Daegu to Andong.[3]

History

[edit]
See also: Gyeongsang Province

The 1,000-year-old Silla Kingdom flourished and unified the previous three kingdoms. The area was named Gyeongsang-do in 1314 during the Goryeo Dynasty. In 1896, during the Joseon Dynasty, the area was renamed Gyeongsangbuk-do as 13 roads were reorganized. The current administrative district was reorganized with the reorganization of Bu, Gun, and Myeon in 1914.[4]

Geography and climate

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The province is part of the Yeongnam region, bordered to the south by South Gyeongsang Province, to the west by North Jeolla and North Chungcheong Provinces, and to the north by Gangwon Province. It is largely surrounded by mountains: the Taebaek Mountains in the east and the Sobaek Mountains in the west.[citation needed]

Culture

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Cuisine

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Andong Sikhye, a local food from Andong and northern North Gyeongsang Province, is essential for entertaining guests on Seollal or feast days. Unlike ordinary Sikhye, it is red with Chili powder, has more grains of rice, and less soup.[5]

Tourism

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North Gyeongsang Province is the homeland of the former kingdom of Silla and has retained much of its cultural tradition. A number of artists, political leaders and scholars have come from the province.

Demographics

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Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1980 3,102,060—    
1990 2,766,797−1.14%
2000 2,724,931−0.15%
2010 2,600,032−0.47%
2015 2,680,294+0.61%
2020 2,644,757−0.27%
Source: Citypopulation[6]


Cities, towns, and villages

[edit]
 
 
Largest cities in North Gyeongsang Province
Citypopulation[7]
Rank Pop.
Pohang
Pohang
Gumi
Gumi 		1 Pohang 501,109 Gyeongsan
Gyeongsan
Gyeongju
Gyeongju
2 Gumi 416,603
3 Gyeongsan 283,733
4 Gyeongju 261,778
5 Andong 159,412
6 Gimcheon 139,145
7 Chilgok 115,756
8 Yeongju 103,818
9 Yeongcheon 100,353
10 Sangju 95,473

Religion

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Religion in North Gyeongsang (2015)[8]

  Not religious (55.4%)
  Buddhism (25.3%)
  Protestantism (13.3%)
  Catholicism (5.2%)
  Other (0.8%)

According to the census of 2015, 25.3% followed Buddhism and 18.5% followed Christianity (13.3% Protestantism and 5.2% Catholicism). 55.4% of the population is irreligious.[8]

Administrative divisions

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Gyeongsangbuk-do is divided into 10 cities (si) and 12 counties (gun). The names below are given in English, hangul, and hanja. Gyeongsang do is originated from Gyeongju & Sangju old city of Gyeong+Sang from Joseon Dynasty (1392–1910). Do means road to 8 directional road from Seoul. Pohang is Korean steel production hub, Gumi is electronics capital of South Korea.

Night view of Pohang
Map # Name Hangul Hanja Population (2024)[9] Subdivisions
— Specific City —
1 Pohang 포항시 浦項市 492,041 2 ilban-gu — 4 eup, 10 myeon, 15 haengjeong-dong
— City —
2 Gumi 구미시 龜尾市 404,691 2 eup, 6 myeon, 19 haengjeong-dong
3 Gyeongsan 경산시 慶山市 266,951 2 eup, 6 myeon, 7 haengjeong-dong
4 Gyeongju 경주시 慶州市 245,365 4 eup, 8 myeon, 11 haengjeong-dong
5 Andong 안동시 安東市 153,348 1 eup, 13 myeon, 10 haengjeong-dong
6 Gimcheon 김천시 金泉市 135,767 1 eup, 14 myeon, 7 haengjeong-dong
7 Yeongju 영주시 榮州市 99,309 1 eup, 9 myeon, 9 haengjeong-dong
8 Sangju 상주시 尙州市 92,452 1 eup, 17 myeon, 6 haengjeong-dong
9 Yeongcheon 영천시 永川市 99,034 1 eup, 10 myeon, 5 haengjeong-dong
10 Mungyeong 문경시 聞慶市 67,544 2 eup, 7 myeon, 5 haengjeong-dong
— County —
11 Chilgok County 칠곡군 漆谷郡 108,119 3 eup, 5 myeon
12 Uiseong County 의성군 義城郡 56,777 1 eup, 17 myeon
13 Uljin County 울진군 蔚珍郡 46,112 2 eup, 8 myeon
14 Yecheon County 예천군 醴泉郡 45,948 1 eup, 11 myeon
15 Cheongdo County 청도군 淸道郡 43,787 2 eup, 7 myeon
16 Seongju County 성주군 星州郡 44,824 1 eup, 9 myeon
17 Yeongdeok County 영덕군 盈德郡 40,213 1 eup, 8 myeon
18 Goryeong County 고령군 高靈郡 35,281 1 eup, 7 myeon
19 Bonghwa County 봉화군 奉化郡 33,936 1 eup, 9 myeon
20 Cheongsong County 청송군 靑松郡 26,432 1 eup, 7 myeon
21 Yeongyang County 영양군 英陽郡 18,259 1 eup, 5 myeon
22 Ulleung County 울릉군 鬱陵郡 10,557 1 eup, 2 myeon

Economy

[edit]

In October 2022, the Province announced its plan to make the province a leading area centered on the domestic metaverse. It is also a specialized complex for semiconductor and secondary battery national high-tech strategic industries.[10]

Industry

[edit]

The service industry accounts for 58.3%, mining manufacturing industry account for 30.6%, construction account for 10.5%, and agriculture and fishing account for 0.6%. Mobile convergence, digital device parts, and energy material parts are major specialized industries.[11]

Transportation

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Railway

[edit]
Gyeongbuk Line

The railway stations in North Gyeongsang Province are as follows:

Recent discoveries

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In September 2021, archaeologists announced the discovery of 1500 years-old woman skeleton with a necklace and a bracelet in North Gyeongsang Province. The remains of a 135-centimeter-tall woman, who is estimated to have died in her 20s, were discovered along with the bones of animals such as horses and cows, as well as earthenware.[12][13][14][15]

Notable people from North Gyeongsang Province

[edit]
Lee Myung-bak
Kim Boo-kyum

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "연령별 인구현황". Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 1 October 2015.
  2. ^ "2022년 지역소득(잠정)". www.kostat.go.kr.
  3. ^ 도로망 구축 10조 원, 경북도청 신청사 지역의 위용(사진). HuffPost (in Korean). 15 February 2016. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
  4. ^ "History". Gyeongsangbuk-do.
  5. ^ "Andong sweet rice punch (안동식혜)". Korea Tourism Organization.
  6. ^ "South Korea: Provinces".
  7. ^ "South Korea: Provinces".
  8. ^ a b "2015 Census – Religion Results" (in Korean). KOSIS KOrean Statistical Information Service. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
  9. ^ 2013년 1분기 주민등록인구현황 (in Korean). North Gyeongsang Province. March 2013. Retrieved 10 June 2013.
  10. ^ "North Gyeongsang Province aims to position itself as hub of metaverse". The Korea Times. 19 October 2023.
  11. ^ "Gyeongsangbuk-do Province". The Association of Nort East Asia Regional Governments.
  12. ^ "More human sacrifice evidence unearthed at Gyeongju palace site". koreatimes. 7 September 2021. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  13. ^ "Human Remains Found in Foundation of Silla Dynasty Palace - Archaeology Magazine". www.archaeology.org. 9 September 2021. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  14. ^ Seung-hyun, Song (7 September 2021). "More evidence unearthed of Silla-era human sacrifice". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  15. ^ "Remains from human sacrifices unearthed at Wolseong Palace in Gyeongju". english.hani.co.kr. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
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36°15′N 128°45′E / 36.250°N 128.750°E / 36.250; 128.750

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